Bilingual Vocabulary Flashcards

noun phrase · jié qì

One of 24 points in the year marking a change in sun, weather, and life.

一年二十四個節點，標記太陽、天氣與生命的變化。

Each solar term lasts about fifteen days.

每個節氣大約十五天。

noun · wù hòu xué

The study of when natural events happen each year.

研究自然現象每年發生時間的學問。

Recording the first robin is phenology.

記錄第一隻知更鳥出現就是物候觀察。

noun · zhì rì

The day with the longest or shortest daylight of the year.

一年中白天最長或最短的日子。

At the winter solstice the sun barely rises in Utqiaġvik.

冬至時，Utqiaġvik 的太陽幾乎不升起。

noun · fēn rì

The day when daylight and darkness are nearly equal.

白晝與黑夜幾乎等長的日子。

春分, the spring equinox, balances the light.

春分讓晝夜平衡。

noun · jiàng shuǐ

Water falling from the sky as rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

從天空落下的雨、雪、霰或冰雹。

雨水 (Rain Water) marks rising precipitation in the south.

雨水節氣標誌著南方降水增加。

noun · yǒng dòng tǔ

Ground that stays frozen for two years or more.

連續兩年以上保持凍結的土壤。

Warming air is thawing the permafrost under the village.

氣溫升高正在融化村莊下的永凍土。

noun · qiān xǐ

Animals traveling with the seasons between places.

動物隨季節在不同地方之間移動。

Caribou migration begins as the tundra greens.

當苔原轉綠，馴鹿開始遷徙。

noun · fā yá

When a seed begins to grow into a plant.

種子開始長成植物的過程。

We measured germination after 驚蟄.

驚蟄之後我們測量了發芽情況。

noun · guāng hé zuò yòng

How plants use sunlight to make food from air and water.

植物利用陽光把空氣和水轉成養分。

Long Arctic daylight speeds photosynthesis in July.

北極七月的長日照加速了光合作用。

noun · xiū mián

A resting state where growth pauses until conditions improve.

生長暫停、等待條件好轉的休息狀態。

小雪 sends many plants into dormancy.

小雪讓許多植物進入休眠。

noun phrase · hǎi bīng

Frozen ocean water that forms a travel and hunting surface.

海水結成的冰，可供行走與狩獵。

Elders read sea ice the way others read a map.

長者讀海冰，就像別人讀地圖。

noun · fǎn zhào lǜ

How much sunlight a surface reflects instead of absorbing.

表面反射而非吸收陽光的比例。

Snow has high albedo, so it keeps the ground cold.

雪的反照率高，因此讓地面保持寒冷。

noun · jiǎ shè

A testable guess about why something happens.

對事情原因所做、可被檢驗的推測。

Our hypothesis was that snowmelt starts earlier each year.

我們的假設是融雪每年都更早開始。

noun · biàn yīn

Something in an experiment that can change.

實驗中可以改變的因素。

Temperature was the variable we measured daily.

溫度是我們每天測量的變因。

noun · shù jù

The measurements and observations you collect.

你收集到的測量與觀察紀錄。

We graphed a year of daylight data.

我們把一年的日照數據畫成圖表。

noun · guān chá

Careful noticing with your senses.

用感官仔細留意。

One good observation can be worth a whole page of guessing.

一次好的觀察勝過整頁的猜測。

noun · shēng tài xì tǒng

A community of living things and the place they share.

生物群落與牠們共享的環境。

The tundra ecosystem changes fast in summer.

苔原生態系統在夏天變化很快。

noun · shì yìng

A trait that helps a living thing survive where it lives.

幫助生物在其環境中生存的特徵。

Thick fur is an adaptation to Arctic cold.

厚毛是對北極寒冷的適應。

noun · qì hòu

The usual weather pattern of a place over many years.

一個地方多年來的天氣型態。

Weather is today; climate is the long story.

天氣是今天，氣候是長久的故事。

noun (Chinese) · hòu

The five-day sign period inside each solar term.

每個節氣中約五天的物候期。

Each solar term holds three 候, fifteen days in all.

每個節氣有三候，共十五天。

solar term · lì chūn

Start of Spring — the first of the 24 terms.

二十四節氣之首，春天開始。

立春 comes long before the snow leaves Alaska.

立春來時，阿拉斯加的雪還遠遠沒走。

solar term · jīng zhé

Awakening of Insects — thunder wakes the sleeping creatures.

春雷驚醒蟄伏的蟲豸。

At 惊蛰 we look for the first insects of the year.

驚蟄時，我們去找今年第一批昆蟲。

solar term · qīng míng

Clear and Bright — tending graves and remembering ancestors.

掃墓祭祖、天氣清朗的節氣。

清明 is how we cultivate ancestors beyond ancestral land.

清明讓我們在祖地之外，依然承接祖脈。

solar term · gǔ yǔ

Grain Rain — the rain that feeds the young crops.

滋養新苗的春雨時節。

谷雨 marks the end of the spring terms.

穀雨是春季節氣的最後一個。

solar term · xiǎo mǎn

Grain Buds — grains fill out but are not yet full.

穀物開始飽滿，但尚未完全成熟。

小满 teaches that almost-full is its own season.

小滿告訴我們，將滿未滿也是一個季節。

solar term · máng zhòng

Grain in Ear — the busiest planting and harvesting time.

既要收麥又要插秧的最忙時節。

芒种 is the year's hardest working week.

芒種是一年裡最忙碌的時候。

solar term · dà shǔ

Major Heat — the hottest stretch of the year.

一年中最炎熱的時期。

大暑 in Hunan and 大暑 in Alaska feel like two planets.

湖南的大暑與阿拉斯加的大暑，像兩顆星球。

solar term · bái lù

White Dew — dew appears as the nights turn cold.

夜寒漸生，露水凝白。

We check the grass at dawn to find 白露.

我們清晨查看草地，尋找白露。

solar term · shuāng jiàng

Frost's Descent — the first frost settles on the ground.

初霜降臨大地。

霜降 usually arrives early here, and we record the date.

霜降在這裡通常來得早，我們把日期記下。

solar term · dōng zhì

Winter Solstice — the shortest day; 冬至大如年.

一年中白晝最短的一天，俗稱冬至大如年。

We eat 饺子 and count the returning light at 冬至.

冬至我們吃餃子，數著回來的光。